Background of the study
The palace court system, an indigenous justice mechanism steeped in tradition, continues to influence conflict resolution and justice delivery in parts of Nigeria, including Benin City, Edo State. This system, traditionally presided over by the Oba and his council of chiefs, provides an alternative dispute resolution mechanism rooted in cultural norms and community consensus (Ighodalo, 2023). In contemporary society, the palace court system operates parallel to formal judicial institutions, often addressing disputes in a manner that is both swift and culturally resonant. Its practices are particularly valued for their focus on reconciliation and restorative justice rather than punitive measures (Osagie, 2024). Despite its continued relevance, the system faces challenges such as conflicts with statutory law, allegations of bias, and limited procedural transparency. Recent literature suggests that while the palace court system fosters community cohesion, there is a need for reforms to align its practices with modern human rights standards (Udom, 2025). This study investigates the role and impact of the palace court system in delivering justice in Benin City, exploring both its strengths and limitations in the context of contemporary legal challenges.
Statement of the problem
The palace court system in Benin City, while integral to traditional conflict resolution, is increasingly challenged by the demands of modern justice delivery. Critics argue that its informal procedures, lack of codification, and occasional conflicts with statutory laws impede its ability to ensure equitable justice (Omoregie, 2024). Furthermore, allegations of partiality and limited transparency have raised questions about its effectiveness in addressing complex legal disputes. These challenges are compounded by a general lack of integration with formal judicial processes, which diminishes the system’s legitimacy in the eyes of some community members. Consequently, there is a pressing need to critically examine the influence of the palace court system on justice delivery and to identify pathways for its reform to ensure both cultural relevance and adherence to contemporary legal norms (Ifeoma, 2023).
Objectives of the study:
To assess the role of the palace court system in justice delivery.
To identify challenges affecting its effectiveness.
To propose recommendations for reforming the system.
Research questions:
How does the palace court system contribute to justice delivery in Benin City?
What are the key challenges affecting its operation?
How can the system be reformed to better align with modern legal standards?
Research Hypotheses:
The palace court system significantly contributes to community-based justice.
Informal procedures negatively affect perceptions of fairness.
Reforms can enhance the system’s legitimacy and effectiveness.
Significance of the study
This study is significant as it explores the interface between traditional and formal justice systems in Benin City. The insights obtained will inform policymakers and traditional leaders on how to reconcile indigenous practices with modern legal requirements, ultimately fostering a more inclusive and effective justice delivery system. The research highlights the need for reform to ensure that traditional mechanisms remain relevant while upholding human rights standards (Okojie, 2024).
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to investigating the influence of the palace court system on justice delivery in Benin City, focusing solely on its practices and challenges.
Definitions of terms:
Palace court system: Traditional dispute resolution mechanism managed by the Oba and his council.
Justice delivery: The process of administering legal decisions and conflict resolution.
Restorative justice: A system emphasizing reconciliation and the repair of harm rather than punishment.
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